M/S Brattdal - Norwegian Merchant Fleet 1939-1945

Follow the convoy links provided for more information on each.

	Departure	From	To	Arrival	Convoy	Remarks
1940	May 12	Port Alberni	New Westminster	May 12	Independent	See also archive document
	May 14	New Westminster	Chemainus	May 14	Independent	–
	May 17	Chemainus	Port Alberni	May 18	Independent	–
	May 22	Port Alberni	Newcastle, N.S.W.	June 14	Independent	–
	June 19	Newcastle, N.S.W.	Sydney, N.S.W.	June 20	Independent	–
	June 27	Sydney, N.S.W.	Newcastle, N.S.W.	June 27	Independent	–
	June 28	Newcastle, N.S.W.	Sydney, N.S.W.	June 29	Independent	–
	July 1	Sydney, N.S.W.	Melbourne	July 3	Independent	–
	July 15	Melbourne	Singapore	July 30	Independent	–
	Aug. 4	Singapore	Colombo	Aug. 11	Independent	–
	Aug. 23	Colombo	Aden	Sept. 3	Independent	–
	Sept. 4	Aden	Suez	Sept. 11	BN 4	Convoy available at BN 4 (external link)
	Oct. 20	Suez	–	–	BS 7	For Colombo. Dispersed off Aden, Oct. 28. Convoy available BS 7 (external link)
	Oct. 28	Dispersed from BS 7	Colombo	Nov. 5	Independent	–
	Nov. 5	Colombo	Fremantle	Nov. 19	Independent	–
	Nov. 21	Fremantle	Adelaide	Nov. 27	Independent	–
	Nov. 28	Adelaide	Melbourne	Nov. 30	Independent	–
	Dec. 12	Melbourne	Sydney, N.S.W.	Dec. 14	Independent	–
	Dec. 19	Sydney, N.S.W.	Melbourne	Dec. 21	Independent	–
	Dec. 24	Melbourne	Aden	Jan. 17-1941	Independent	–
1941	Jan. 17	Aden	Suez	Jan. 24	BN 13	Convoy available at BN 13 (external link)
	Jan. 26	Port Said	Alexandria	Jan. 26	Independent	–
	Febr. 7	Alexandria	Haifa	Febr. 9	Independent	–
	Febr. 16	Haifa	Port Said	Febr. 17	Independent	–
	Febr. 26	Port Said	Suda Bay	March 4	AN 16	Convoy available at AN 16 (external link)
	March 7	Suda Bay	Piraeus	March 8	–	Dates approx. A. Hague says: Perhaps joined AN 17 (external ink)
	March 9	Piraeus	Alexandria	March 11	GA 2	Convoy available at GA 2 (external link)
	March 14	Alexandria	Piraeus	March 17	AG 6	Convoy available at AG 6 (external link)
	March 21	Piraeus	Alexandria	March 25	AS 21 (1)	Convoy available at AS 21 (external link)
	March 26	Alexandria	Piraeus	March 29	AG 9	Convoy available at AG 9 (external link)
	Apr. 1	Piraeus	Alexandria	Apr. 4	ASF 22	Convoy available at ASF 22 (external link)
	Apr. 7	Alexandria	–	–	AG 11	Detached Apr. 9. Convoy available at AG 11 (external link)
	Apr. 9	Detached from AG 11	Volo	Apr. 10	Independent	–
	Apr. 12	Volo	Volo	Apr. 13	–	Put back, bombed at Volo Apr. 13, sank Apr. 17. See "Final Fate" below

Notes:

Accordingto the archive document, Brattdal was at Taku Bar when war broke out in Norway on Apr. 9-1940. From there, she proceeded to Vancouver a few days later. It'll also be noticed that she appears to have spent several weeks at Suez that fall.

For info, the following Norwegian ships are also listed in the above mentioned convoys (some listings may be incomplete):
In BS 7 - Svenør and possibly Soli.
In BN 13 - Ada, Alcides, Anna Odland, Ima, Katy, Lynghaug and Temeraire.
In AN 16 - Thelma.
In AG 6 - Thermopylæ.
In AS 21 - Solheim (sunk by aircraft - see Solheim), Thelma and Thermoplyæ.
In AG 9 - Thermopylæ.
In ASF 22 - Thermopylæ.

All these ships are included on this website, see the Master Ship Index for information on them.

Final Fate - 1941:

In Admiralty service. Brattdal had departed Alexandria on Apr. 7-1941 with armoured cars and 227 soldiers for Piræus (convoy info in the table above). On Apr. 9, she was ordered to Volo (Crete), where she arrived the next day and proceeded to unload. On Apr. 12, she was told to depart and meet an escort outside the torpedo net that evening, but no escort was to be seen though they searched for it all night, and since they had no destination to go to it was decided to return to Volo for orders, together with the British City of Karachi (it'll be noticed, when going back to A. Hague's Voyage Record above, that this ship had been in the same convoy as Brattdal upon departure Alexandria). They arrived Volo again in the morning of the 13th (see also the archive document).

Shortly afterwards, several German aircraft attacked, and a bomb hit on her after deck between No. 4 and No. 5 holds, going through the shelter deck, the main deck and the "wall" between No. 4 and 5 holds, resulting in a hole of 3-5' in diameter, then exploded beneath No. 4 hold. She developed a heavy list to port, and the crew was ordered to launch and man the lifeboats and get ashore.

Several attempts to get back on board were made that day, but this was impossible until that evening, due to continuous air attacks. At midnight, Brattdal was beached and the crew was about to spend the night on board, but new attacks occurred so they rowed ashore.

On the 15th, they saw another bomb hit their ship, going horizontally down her funnel, but as she was still afloat they went back on board and managed to get her to Oreus Bay. Most of the crew then went ashore and when a new air attack started the next morning the remaining 7 also abandoned ship. On the 17th, attacks from another 3 aircraft finally sank her (in 14 fathoms).

The crew used the lifeboats to row south to Calcis, where they on Apr. 19 boarded a train for Athens, with arrival the next day. By car, train and walking, they reached Aegeos on Apr. 24 and were placed on board the British cruiser Orion on the night of April 26. While being transported to the cruiser in motorboats, the galley boy died(? - see crew list below) when one of the boats turned over and almost everyone on board drowned. The rest of the men from Brattdal eventually reached Alexandria on May 4(?). See also M/T Nordanger.

An Eye Witness Account:

In the book "Menn uten medaljer" Einar Nielsen's story is included. He had previously served on the torpedoed Orkanger, and I've included a summary of the first part of his story on my page about that ship. After a rather nerve racking time on board the British M/S Rodi he and his friends Helgesen and Brevik (also originally from Orkanger) decided they needed a "break from the war", so they left Rodi to join Brattdal. His story continues here.

Summary of Einar Nielsen's story:
The 3 friends joined Brattdal on Jan. 29-1941 in the belief she was bound for Australia, and they were very much looking forward to "breathing easy on the waves of the Pacific" for a change, and "do their jobs on quiet days and starry nights, instead of constantly having to fight for life". However, 2 days later they were on their way to Greece, with troops and war materials (compare with archive document). They were going to "sail through the flaming inferno of war yet again, and not on deck where there might be a chance of jumping overboard, but in the engine room!". On Orkanger, Einar Nielsen had been an able seaman, now he was signed on as oiler. Helgesen was 4th engineer, which was his original profession. Nielsen says they lost the convoy on their first trip out, but arrived Suda Bay safely. (He mentions a British pilot, Harry L. Barber who came on board there, who for some reason spoke fluent Norwegian). Various trips back and forth to Piræus and Alexandria with numerous air attacks are described, "bombings from dawn till dusk - how many lives does Nortraship think we have?".

Nielsen agrees they departed Volo on Apr. 12-1941, which was Easter, together with City of Karachi, but when they reached the determined meeting place for the convoy, there was no escort; it had been sunk and wiped out by the enemy, so they returned to Volo. No sooner had they arrived, than wave after wave of attacking German aircraft "with no respect for Easter peace" came over them. Some made an attempt at Brattdal's neighbour, the British Port Halifax, which was at the quay (this ship is also listed in several of the convoys mentioned above, including Convoy AG 11); "they managed to get the quay, but not the ship". City of Karachi, however, was hit (also in AG 11, as already noted further up on this page), and so was Brattdal. She received a bomb aft and immdiately started to sink, but Chief Engineer Arvid Isaksen saved her by closing the watertight bulkheads. Nevertheless, they all left in the lifeboats, but went back on board that evening after having acquired a tug with the intent of beaching her, but another wave of air attacks took place, resulting in the tug departing at full speed, leaving Brattdal floating helplessly on her own. But Isaksen again saved the day by managing to start the engines, whereupon they "limped down Pagasitikos" until they came to the Almira Bay.

Taking their blankets and some food ashore with them they spent the night under some trees, but the next day a mine from an aircraft "landed down the funnel and destroyed all the exhaust pipes". An inspection showed that damages were quite severe but the chief engineer again declared he could get her going and on Tuesday, Apr. 15 they were up and running, reaching Gardiki Bay in the straits of Oreos that evening. Another night with their blankets under some trees, and another morning of waking up to the sound of aircraft, another attack, though no hits on that occasion.

The Greek wanted them gone and so did the Admiralty, but she was in such a bad shape at this point that the chief engineer refused to start her up again. However, the following afternoon, Apr. 17, the Germans solved their problem when yet another air attack finally proved too much for Brattdal and she sank in 20 fathoms of water, with the Norwegian flag waving proudly till the end. They now took to the lifeboats and had a "wonderful trip in beautiful moonshine down through Evoikos, or the Talanta Straits which it's also called, to Calcis near Euripo". From Calcis, they caught the train to Athens which under normal circumstances would have taken 3 hours but took exactly 30 due to air attacks, during which the train stopped and all aboard had to disembark and take shelter the best they could. Once in Athens, they were placed in a camp, but continued on foot a few days later, around Eleusis Bay, below Mount Karata, past St. Dimitrios, St. Giorgios, Megara, Minoa, Kineta, Theodores, Susaki and Kolamaki, to the straits of Chorinth(?), the captain carrying his type writer the whole way (according to Nielsen). The last leg of the journey to Argos was by bus, with the usual "welcoming committee" of air attacks on arrival.

They were told a ship was to come for them that evening, and in the afternoon they headed for the harbour of Nauplion. They were so delayed by the constant air attacks that by the time they reached their destination they found no ship so, tired, hungry, cold and miserable, they spent the night outside again, only to wake up to more "steel falling from the sky". Eventually, the next day they got the news that the British Navy would come to their aid, and they were sent out to the cruiser HMS Orion. (Einar Nielsen mentions nothing about the messboy drowning or a motorboat capsizing on the way out to Orion). They anchored at Suda Bay, but no date is mentioned. Einar Nilsen says "about 2500 years ago Greek culture was said to be resting on 375 Greek ships. What our culture rests on, I can't say, but it's tempting to think of the 1000 Norwegian ships".

A couple of days later, they were placed on a British troop transport, which also carried German prisoners. In the afternoon of May 1, they arrived Alexandria (3 days earlier than stated further up on this page) and that evening, they ended up at a memorial service for themselves. When the "deceased" Nielsen and Helgesen walked in they caused quite a stir. A few days later, they had signed on another ship, the S/S Star of Egypt, eastward bound they were told, but didn't believe it. Helgesen was signed on as carpenter this time, Brevik as ordinary seaman and Nielsen had really advanced, he was the 3rd mate on this ship, which indeed headed east, to the peaceful Pacific, which by the time they got there was a "screaming inferno". (According to A. Hague, Star of Egypt left Alexandria for Port Said on May 10-1941 - later proceeded to Singapore, via Aden and Colombo).

Nielsen ends his story by saying:
"Well, I'm alive, but *Captain Teffre went to heaven Christmas Eve 1941 when his ship exploded. Chief Engineer Isaksen met his fate off Portugal at about the same time and Kåre Moen was shot in a battle with a raider in The Indian Ocean. Olav Brevik disappeared without a trace from a Norwegian tanker on a voyage from The Persian Gulf to Australia and the whaler Ludvig was lost in the Antarctic somewhere, as is fitting. I've never been able to find Helgesen, in spite of several attempts".

The maritime hearings were held in Alexandria On May 16-1941 with the captain, the 2nd mate, the 1st engineer and Ordinary Seaman Ulvestad appearing.

*See the text on my page about Orkanger for details of Captain Teffre's demise. Kåre Moen lost his life when Høegh Silverdawn was captured and sunk by the German raider Michel. The Olav Brevik he mentions is probably identical to Mechanic Olaf L. Brevik who is commemorated (external link) at Stavern Memorial and who was on Bramora when that ship was lost (listed as Olav Dreivik in the original list). Olaf Brevik was a shipmate from Orkanger. In fact, when comparing this list to the crew list for Orkanger, several of the names are the same.