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CONVOY JW 56A
Left Loch Ewe on Jan. 12-1944, arrived Kola Inlet on Jan. 28.
Cruising order is not available.

The following ships were in the convoy:

The American Andrew G Curtin, Charles Bulfinch, Charles Scribner, Edwin L Drake, Jefferson Davis, John A Quitman, Joseph N Nicollet, Nathaniel Alexander (Rear Commodore Ship), Penelope Barker (Commodore Ship, then after she was sunk Fort Bellingham took over, but was also sunk), Richard H Alvey, Thorstein Veblen, William Tyler Page, Woodbridge N Ferris.

The British Empire Ploughman (Vice Commodore Ship), Fort Bellingham, Fort Slave, San Cirilo, San Adolfo (escort oiler).

The Dutch Aert van der Neer.

The Norwegian M/T Noreg (escort oiler).

Some of these ships did not proceed beyond Iceland, some returned to Loch Ewe due to heavy weather off the Faroes on the 15th (Charles Bulfinch, Jefferson Davis, John A Quitman, Josef N Nicollet and Nathaniel Alexander). In fact the convoy sheltered at Akureyri, Iceland from the 18th until the 21st.

On Jan. 25 a line of 10 U-boats was encountered. Penelope Barker, with cargo of 7850 tons war stores, was torpedoed and sunk by U-278 (16 dead, 56 survivors picked up by Savage), while the British destroyer Obdurate was damaged by U-360 and left the convoy. The next day Andrew G. Curtin was sunk by U-716 (9000 tons war materials, 3 dead, 68 survivors picked up by Inconstant) and Fort Bellingham damaged by U-360, later sunk by U-957 (4800 tons war materials, 36 dead, 35 survivors picked up by Offa, while 2 were taken prisoner by U-957).

See also text under Noreg.

Escorts:
Jan. 12-Jan. 22: Minesweepers Orestes and Ready (also provided local escort from Akureyri).
Jan. 12-Jan. 18: Corvettes Borage and Wallflower.
Jan. 12-Jan. 27: Corvettes Poppy and Dianella, destroyer Inconstant.
Jan. 12-Jan. 15: Sloop Cygnet.
Jan. 16-Jan. 27: Destroyers Savage and Norwegian Stord.
From Akureyri to Kola Inlet: Destroyers Hardy (SOE), Inconstant, Obdurate, Offa, Savage, Venus, Vigilant, Virago and the Norwegian Stord (all present until arrival except Obdurate).
Cruiser cover by: Bermuda and Kent (Berwick had also sailed, but returned with defects).
Local eastern escort on Jan. 27 and Jan. 28: Russian destroyers Gremyaschi, Grozny and Razumny.

Related external links:
Russian Convoys

Convoys to Russia - with the returning convoys, in chronological order.

The attack on Penelope Barker

The attack on Obdurate

The attack on Andrew G. Curtin

The attack on Fort Bellingham

Arctic Convoys main page

To the next JW convoy in my list JW 58
(JW 56B and JW 57 are available at the first external link above)

Source for the information on this page: "Convoys to Russia 1941-1945", Bob Ruegg/Arnold Hague, 1992.


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